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Code deleted, see 33927, 33928, 33929.

Official Description

Implantation of a total replacement heart system (artificial heart) with recipient cardiectomy

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

The procedure described by CPT® Code 0051T involves the implantation of a total replacement heart system, commonly referred to as an artificial heart, in patients who are awaiting a donor heart. This complex surgical intervention is performed to provide temporary support for patients with severe heart failure or end-stage heart disease. The process begins with a median sternotomy, which is a surgical incision made along the sternum to access the heart. Once the heart is exposed, cardiopulmonary bypass is established to take over the function of the heart and lungs during the surgery, allowing the surgical team to operate on a still and bloodless field. The diseased heart is then removed through a procedure known as cardiectomy, which involves excising the patient's failing heart. Following this, the artificial heart is carefully inserted into the chest cavity, and the coronary arteries are connected to the appropriate outlets of the artificial heart to ensure proper blood flow. After the implantation, the patient is gradually weaned off the cardiopulmonary bypass, chest tubes are placed to drain any excess fluid, and the chest incisions are meticulously closed. This procedure is critical for patients who are in dire need of heart support while waiting for a suitable donor heart to become available.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The implantation of a total replacement heart system (artificial heart) is indicated for patients who are experiencing severe heart failure or end-stage heart disease and are awaiting a donor heart. This procedure is typically considered when the patient's own heart is no longer capable of sustaining adequate circulation and when other treatment options have been exhausted or deemed insufficient.

  • Severe Heart Failure Patients with advanced heart failure who are not responding to medical management may require this intervention to maintain life while awaiting transplantation.
  • End-Stage Heart Disease Individuals diagnosed with end-stage heart disease, where the heart's function is critically compromised, may be candidates for this procedure.

2. Procedure

The procedure for the implantation of a total replacement heart system involves several critical steps that ensure the successful placement of the artificial heart.

  • Step 1: Median Sternotomy The surgical process begins with a median sternotomy, where an incision is made along the sternum to provide access to the thoracic cavity and the heart.
  • Step 2: Establishing Cardiopulmonary Bypass Once access is achieved, cardiopulmonary bypass is established. This involves connecting the patient to a heart-lung machine that takes over the functions of the heart and lungs, allowing the surgical team to operate on a still and bloodless field.
  • Step 3: Cardiectomy The patient's diseased heart is then removed through a procedure known as cardiectomy. This step is crucial as it involves excising the failing heart to make way for the artificial heart.
  • Step 4: Insertion of the Artificial Heart After the diseased heart is removed, the artificial heart is carefully inserted into the chest cavity. The surgical team ensures that the device is positioned correctly for optimal function.
  • Step 5: Connecting Coronary Arteries The coronary arteries are then connected to the appropriate outlets of the artificial heart. This step is vital for restoring blood flow to the body.
  • Step 6: Weaning Off Cardiopulmonary Bypass Following the successful connection of the artificial heart, the patient is gradually weaned off the cardiopulmonary bypass machine, allowing the artificial heart to take over the pumping function.
  • Step 7: Placement of Chest Tubes Chest tubes are placed to facilitate the drainage of any excess fluid that may accumulate in the thoracic cavity post-surgery.
  • Step 8: Closure of Chest Incisions Finally, the chest incisions are meticulously closed to complete the surgical procedure.

3. Post-Procedure

After the implantation of the total replacement heart system, patients typically require close monitoring in a critical care setting. Post-procedure care includes managing the patient's recovery from anesthesia, monitoring vital signs, and ensuring the proper functioning of the artificial heart. Patients may also need to stay in the hospital for an extended period to observe for any complications, such as infection or bleeding. Rehabilitation and follow-up care are essential components of the recovery process, as patients will need ongoing support and evaluation while they await a donor heart for transplantation.

Short Descr IMPLANT TOTAL HEART SYSTEM
Medium Descr IMPLTJ TOT RPLCMT HRT SYS W/RCP CARDIECTOMY
Long Descr Implantation of a total replacement heart system (artificial heart) with recipient cardiectomy
Status Code Carriers Price the Code
Global Days XXX - Global Concept Does Not Apply
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 0 - Physician Service Code
Multiple Procedures (51) 0 - No payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 0 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does NOT apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 0 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Inpatient Procedures, not paid under OPPS
Type of Service (TOS) 2 - Surgery
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P2F - Major procedure, cardiovascular-Other
MUE Not applicable/unspecified.
CCS Clinical Classification 49 - Other OR heart procedures
Date
Action
Notes
2017-12-31 Deleted Code deleted, see 33927, 33928, 33929.
2004-01-01 Added First appearance in code book in 2004.
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