CPT® Code 19306

Radical mastectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the comprehensive removal of the breast and surrounding tissues. This includes the complete excision of the breast, nipple, and areola, as well as the underlying pectoralis major and minor muscles. The procedure is typically indicated for patients with breast cancer and aims to eliminate malignant tissue while addressing potential lymphatic spread. In certain cases, a more extensive variant known as the Urban-type radical mastectomy may be performed. This variant not only encompasses the removal of the breast and pectoral muscles but also includes the excision of axillary lymph nodes and internal mammary lymph nodes, which are located near the sternum. The surgical approach involves making an elliptical incision that allows for the removal of the breast tissue along with the axillary tissue, often referred to as the tail of Spence. The procedure is designed to ensure that all potentially affected tissues are removed to minimize the risk of cancer recurrence. Post-surgery, the skin may be closed directly, or if there is insufficient skin for closure, a myocutaneous graft or breast reconstruction may be necessary. This comprehensive approach is critical in the management of breast cancer and requires careful planning and execution by the surgical team.