CPT® Code 20604

Arthrocentesis, aspiration and/or injection, small joint or bursa (eg, fingers, toes); with ultrasound guidance, with permanent recording and reporting

Arthrocentesis, also known as joint aspiration, is a medical procedure that involves the removal of fluid from a joint or bursa, which is a small fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between tissues. This procedure is typically performed to diagnose the underlying cause of joint effusion, which is the accumulation of excess fluid in the joint space, and to alleviate pain associated with this condition. During the procedure, a healthcare provider may also inject medication into the joint or bursa to reduce inflammation and provide relief from pain. Commonly, anti-inflammatory medications, such as corticosteroids, are used for this purpose. The procedure is performed under sterile conditions, beginning with the cleansing of the skin over the affected joint. A local anesthetic may be administered to minimize discomfort. A needle attached to a syringe is then carefully inserted into the joint or bursa to aspirate the fluid, which is subsequently sent for laboratory analysis to aid in diagnosis. In cases where ultrasound guidance is utilized, the procedure is reported using CPT® Code 20604, which also requires that a permanent recording and report of the procedure be made. This code is specifically designated for instances where ultrasound technology assists in the accurate placement of the needle, enhancing the precision of the aspiration and injection process.