CPT® Code 21010

The procedure described by CPT® Code 21010 refers to an arthrotomy of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). This surgical intervention involves making a skin incision in front of the ear, which is a strategic location that allows access to the TMJ. The incision is extended through the subcutaneous tissue, reaching the superficial layer of the deep temporal fascia, which is a fibrous tissue layer that covers the muscles of the temple region. During the procedure, the surgeon identifies and protects the temporal branch of the facial nerve, a critical structure that innervates muscles of facial expression. Once the joint space is accessed, the surgeon inspects the TMJ for any abnormalities, which may include signs of inflammation, degeneration, or other pathological conditions. If necessary, tissue samples can be obtained for further analysis, and minor procedures may be performed to address specific issues within the joint. After the necessary interventions are completed, the incision is meticulously closed in layers to promote optimal healing and minimize scarring.