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Arthrodesis, specifically the posterior interbody technique, is a surgical procedure aimed at fusing one or more intervertebral joints in the lumbar region of the spine. This technique is often employed to address conditions such as vertebral fractures or instability, which can lead to significant pain and functional impairment. The procedure involves making an incision in the back to access the affected lumbar vertebrae. Once the incision is made, the surrounding soft tissues are carefully dissected to expose the vertebrae, allowing for direct access to the intervertebral disc. The posterior interbody fusion technique may be performed in conjunction with other surgical interventions, such as laminectomy or discectomy, to adequately prepare the interspace for fusion. The removal of the intervertebral disc is a critical step, as it allows for the preparation of the joint space where the fusion will occur. The procedure may also involve the use of bone grafts, which can be harvested from the patient's iliac crest or obtained from a bone bank, to facilitate the fusion process. The ultimate goal of this procedure is to stabilize the spine and alleviate pain by promoting the fusion of the vertebrae, thereby restoring normal function and mobility to the affected area.
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