CPT® Code 22856

Total disc arthroplasty (artificial disc), anterior approach, including discectomy with end plate preparation (includes osteophytectomy for nerve root or spinal cord decompression and microdissection); single interspace, cervical

Total disc arthroplasty (CPT® Code 22856) is a surgical procedure performed on the cervical spine, specifically targeting a single interspace. This procedure involves the replacement of a damaged or diseased cervical disc with an artificial disc, which is a prosthetic device designed to restore normal function and motion at the disc space. The surgery is conducted via an anterior approach, meaning the incision is made at the front of the neck, just off the midline of the spine. This approach allows for direct access to the cervical vertebrae while minimizing disruption to surrounding structures.

During the procedure, a discectomy is performed, which entails the removal of the affected disc along with preparation of the end plates of the adjacent vertebrae. This preparation is crucial as it ensures that the artificial disc can be securely placed and function effectively. Additionally, the procedure includes osteophytectomy, which involves the removal of bone spurs that may be compressing nearby nerves or the spinal cord, thereby alleviating pain and restoring nerve function. Microdissection techniques are employed to carefully navigate around vital structures such as nerves and arteries, ensuring their protection throughout the surgery.

The artificial cervical disc is designed to mimic the natural disc's function, allowing for movement and flexibility, which is a significant advantage over traditional spinal fusion techniques that restrict motion at the treated level. After the artificial disc is inserted, the surrounding tissues are meticulously closed, and a temporary drain may be placed to manage any postoperative fluid accumulation. This procedure is a modern alternative for patients suffering from cervical disc degeneration, providing a solution that aims to preserve mobility while addressing pain and dysfunction.