CPT® Code 24802

Arthrodesis, commonly known as fusion, is a surgical procedure aimed at alleviating severe elbow pain, particularly in cases where conservative treatments, such as medication or physical therapy, have failed to provide relief. This procedure is often indicated for patients suffering from debilitating arthritis or those who have experienced significant trauma to the elbow joint. The surgery involves creating a permanent connection between the bones of the elbow joint, effectively eliminating movement in the joint to reduce pain. The procedure begins with a skin incision made over the posterior aspect of the elbow, allowing access to the joint. Surgeons then retract the tendons and ligaments to expose the joint surfaces. The articular cartilage from the radial head, olecranon process of the ulna, and the distal articular surface of the humerus is meticulously removed using a bur. The elbow is positioned at a 90-degree angle to ensure proper alignment of the radius, ulna, and humerus. Bone grafts, which are essential for the fusion process, can be harvested either through the same incision or from a separate site, depending on the surgical approach. Once the graft is prepared, it is packed into the joint space to facilitate the fusion of the bones. To stabilize the joint during the healing process, the bones may be immobilized using plate and screw fixation or an external fixation device. After the procedure, the incisions are closed, and if plate and screw fixation is utilized, the arm is typically placed in a cast or splint to ensure proper healing and alignment.