CPT® Code 27278

Arthrodesis, sacroiliac joint, percutaneous, with image guidance, including placement of intra-articular implant(s) (eg, bone allograft[s], synthetic device[s]), without placement of transfixation device

Sacroiliac (SI) joint arthrodesis is a surgical procedure aimed at creating a fusion between the sacrum, which is the triangular bone at the base of the spine, and the ilium, the uppermost part of the pelvis. This procedure is typically indicated for patients suffering from severe and persistent joint pain, often resulting from conditions such as fractures or arthritis that have not responded to conservative treatments. The goal of the arthrodesis is to alleviate pain by inducing ossification, or bone formation, in the affected joint. During the procedure, a bone allograft, which is a graft taken from a donor, or a synthetic bone substitute is implanted into the sacroiliac joint space. The technique employed is percutaneous, meaning it is minimally invasive, and utilizes image guidance, such as fluoroscopy, to accurately navigate to the joint area. This approach minimizes tissue damage and promotes quicker recovery times compared to traditional open surgery. The procedure does not involve the placement of a transfixation device, which is often used in other types of joint fusions to stabilize the joint during the healing process. Instead, the focus is on the precise placement of the graft material to facilitate the fusion of the joint.