CPT® Code 27280

Arthrodesis of the sacroiliac joint, as described by CPT® Code 27280, refers to a surgical procedure aimed at fusing the sacroiliac (SI) joint. This procedure is typically indicated for patients experiencing pain, instability, or degenerative disease affecting the SI joint. The fusion can be achieved through an open surgical approach, which may be performed either anteriorly or posteriorly. In the anterior approach, a surgical incision is made over the iliac crest extending to the anterior superior iliac spine, allowing access to the iliacus muscle, which is then stripped away to expose the SI joint. Conversely, the posterior approach involves an incision over the posterior iliac crest, extending down to the posterior inferior spine, where the gluteus maximus muscle is retracted to reveal the joint. During the procedure, the joint surfaces are debrided to prepare them for fusion, and cancellous bone is exposed. Bone grafts, which may be harvested from the iliac crest or another donor site, are then prepared and inserted into the joint space to facilitate the fusion process. The procedure also includes the application of internal fixation devices, such as pins, screws, or plates, to stabilize the graft and ensure the successful fusion of the joint. Finally, the muscles are reattached, and the incisions are closed in layers to promote healing.