CPT® Code 27412

Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a specialized surgical procedure aimed at repairing damaged articular cartilage in the knee joint. This technique is particularly beneficial for patients suffering from cartilage defects, which can lead to pain, swelling, and impaired joint function. The procedure involves the use of the patient's own chondrocytes, which are specialized cells responsible for the maintenance and repair of cartilage. The most common sites within the knee that are treated using ACI include the distal femoral condyles, the trochlea, and the patellofemoral joint. Prior to the implantation, chondrocytes are harvested from the patient through a separate procedure that involves taking biopsies of the synovial tissue in the knee. This harvesting process is crucial as it provides the necessary cells for the subsequent implantation. After the chondrocytes are collected, they undergo a laboratory process known as cellular expansion, where the cells are multiplied to ensure there are enough for effective implantation. Once the chondrocytes have been sufficiently expanded, the patient returns for the implantation procedure, which involves a series of meticulous surgical steps to ensure proper placement and integration of the chondrocytes into the damaged area of the knee.