CPT® Code 27602

A decompression fasciotomy of the lower leg is a surgical procedure aimed at alleviating the pressure within the muscle compartments of the leg, specifically targeting the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments. These compartments are anatomical spaces that house muscles, blood vessels, and nerves, all encased within a tough connective tissue known as fascia. When conditions such as long bone fractures, crush injuries, or other forms of trauma occur, swelling can develop within these compartments. The fascia, however, is rigid and does not stretch, leading to increased interstitial pressure. This elevated pressure can compromise blood flow and result in tissue necrosis, which may cause permanent functional impairment of the limb if not addressed promptly. The procedure involves making incisions to relieve this pressure, thereby restoring normal blood flow and preventing further tissue damage. Specifically, CPT® Code 27602 refers to a decompression fasciotomy that addresses both the posterior compartment(s) and the anterior and/or lateral compartments, as detailed in the procedural steps associated with this code.