CPT® Code 27702

Arthroplasty of the ankle, specifically referred to as total ankle arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure aimed at addressing degenerative changes in the ankle joint that arise from various conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and traumatic arthropathy. This procedure involves the replacement of damaged joint surfaces with an artificial implant, thereby restoring function and alleviating pain. The surgery begins with an incision made over the anterior aspect of the ankle joint, allowing access to the underlying structures. During the procedure, soft tissues are carefully dissected to expose the joint capsule, which is then incised to facilitate inspection of the joint structures. Any loose bodies, bone spurs, or inflamed tissue present within the joint are excised to prepare the area for the implant. Unlike the procedure described in CPT® Code 27700, which involves ankle arthroplasty without the use of an implant, CPT® Code 27702 specifically denotes the use of an implant to replace either the distal aspects of the tibia and fibula and the proximal aspect of the talus, or only the distal fibula and proximal talus. The surgical technique includes the use of cutting guides to ensure precise excision of bone, followed by the placement of trial implant components to evaluate fit before securing the permanent implant. This comprehensive approach aims to restore the normal biomechanics of the ankle joint, ultimately improving the patient's quality of life.