CPT® Code 27871

The procedure described by CPT® Code 27871 refers to arthrodesis of the tibiofibular joint, which can occur at either the proximal or distal location. The tibiofibular joint consists of two distinct joints: the proximal tibiofibular joint, located at the back and side of the knee, and the distal tibiofibular joint, situated near the ankle. The proximal joint is classified as a synovial joint, characterized by its smooth surfaces covered with hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage, a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid, and a surrounding joint capsule supported by ligaments. In contrast, the distal tibiofibular joint is a syndesmosis, which is a fibrous joint held together by ligaments, including the interosseous membrane and three specific ligaments: anterior, interosseous, and tibiofibular. During the arthrodesis procedure, the surgeon makes an incision either just below the knee for the proximal joint or at the ankle for the distal joint. The surgical approach involves careful dissection of the soft tissues to expose the joint. Once exposed, the articular cartilage from both the tibia and fibula is removed to facilitate the fusion of the bones. Internal fixation devices are then applied to stabilize the bones in their new position, promoting the healing process and ensuring that the bones fuse together effectively. After the procedure, the soft tissues and skin are meticulously closed in layers, and the leg is immobilized using a cast or splint to support recovery and maintain the alignment of the fused joint.