CPT® Code 28320

The procedure described by CPT® Code 28320 pertains to the surgical repair of nonunion or malunion of the tarsal bones. A nonunion occurs when the fracture fragments fail to unite after an adequate period of healing, while a malunion refers to the improper alignment of the fracture fragments, leading to potential complications. These complications can include osseous abnormalities, incongruity of articular surfaces, soft tissue contracture, and nerve impingement. During the procedure, the original fracture sites of the tarsal bones are surgically exposed to assess the condition of the nonunion or malunion. The evaluation determines the necessary type of repair, which may involve internal fixation techniques, with or without the use of a bone graft. In cases of nonunion, fixation devices such as pins or screws may be inserted through the fracture site to promote healing. Conversely, for malunion cases, the affected bone may be refractured and realigned, followed by the application of internal fixation to ensure proper anatomical alignment. If a bone graft is indicated, the surgical site is prepared, which may involve refracturing the bone, and bone material is harvested and shaped to fit the defect. The procedure aims to restore the structural integrity and function of the tarsal bones, facilitating proper healing and recovery.