CPT® Code 28531

The CPT® Code 28531 refers to the open treatment of a sesamoid fracture, which may involve internal fixation. A sesamoid fracture occurs in the foot, specifically affecting the small sesamoid bones that are embedded within tendons. In the context of the foot, there are two primary sesamoid bones located beneath the great toe joint, situated in the ball of the foot. These bones play a crucial role in the mechanics of the foot, aiding in weight-bearing and movement. When a fracture occurs, it is essential to obtain separate radiographs to confirm the presence and extent of the fracture. A thorough neurovascular examination is also performed to assess the integrity of the nerves and blood vessels surrounding the injury site, ensuring that there is no compromise to these critical structures. The treatment approach may vary depending on the nature of the fracture; for instance, in cases of nondisplaced or minimally displaced fractures, closed treatment may be sufficient, as described in CPT® Code 28530. However, for more complex fractures requiring surgical intervention, the open treatment described in CPT® Code 28531 is indicated. This procedure involves exposing the fractured sesamoid bone, which may lead to the excision of fracture fragments or, less commonly, the reduction of the bone back to its proper alignment, potentially utilizing internal fixation methods such as pins or wires to secure the fragments in place.