CPT® Code 31259

Nasal/sinus endoscopy, surgical with ethmoidectomy; total (anterior and posterior), including sphenoidotomy, with removal of tissue from the sphenoid sinus

Nasal/sinus endoscopy with total ethmoidectomy and sphenoidotomy is a surgical procedure designed to address various conditions affecting the nasal and sinus cavities. This procedure is particularly beneficial for patients suffering from sinusitis, nasal polyps, mucoceles, and tumors. The primary goal of the surgery is to eliminate obstructions in the outflow tracts of the sinuses, which can lead to chronic inflammation and infection. By debriding inflamed sinus tissue, the procedure promotes mucociliary clearance, allowing for improved drainage and function of the sinuses. The ethmoid sinuses, situated between the eyes and the bridge of the nose, typically contain 7 to 15 ethmoid air cells, which can become obstructed due to various pathological conditions. The sphenoid sinus, located posteriorly and superior to the nasopharynx, is another critical area addressed during this procedure. It is positioned anterior-inferior to the sella turcica, with important anatomical structures such as the internal carotid artery and optic nerve located in close proximity. The procedure involves the use of anesthesia, which may be administered through ribbon gauze, neurosurgical pads, or injection, ensuring patient comfort during the operation. The endoscope is then inserted through the nasal passages, allowing for a thorough inspection of the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, nasal septum, turbinates, and lateral nasal wall, facilitating the identification and treatment of affected areas.