Coding Ahead
CasePilot
Medical Coding Assistant
Case2Code
Search and Code Lookup Tool
CareerCenter
Medical Coding Job Board
Log in Register free account

Need help choosing the right code?

Ask CasePilot about procedures, modifiers, bundling, and coding guidance.

Try CasePilot
CPT®
31320

CPT® Code 31320
Deleted

Official Description

Laryngotomy (thyrotomy, laryngofissure); diagnostic

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

A laryngotomy, also known as a thyrotomy or laryngofissure, is a surgical procedure that involves making an incision in the larynx, which is the voice box located in the throat. This procedure is primarily performed to access the larynx for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. The term 'laryngotomy' refers to the act of cutting into the larynx, while 'thyrotomy' specifically indicates an incision through the thyroid cartilage, which is the prominent cartilage that forms the structure of the larynx. During the procedure, a careful incision is made in the skin over the thyroid cartilage, and the cartilage is then split in the midline using an oscillating saw. This allows for direct exposure of the larynx, enabling the surgeon to identify and excise any tumors, cystic dilations such as laryngoceles, or affected vocal cords. In cases where the vocal cords are involved, a cordectomy may be performed, which entails the complete removal of the vocal cord along with a margin of healthy tissue to ensure complete excision of any disease. The procedure concludes with the closure of the surgical wound in the larynx using sutures. The CPT® Code 31320 is specifically designated for instances where a diagnostic laryngotomy is performed, allowing for inspection of the larynx to identify any diseases or abnormalities present.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

Diagnostic laryngotomy is indicated for various conditions affecting the larynx. The following are the explicitly provided indications for performing this procedure:

  • Tumors Removal of tumors located within the larynx that may obstruct airflow or affect vocal function.
  • Laryngocele Excision of cystic dilations of the laryngeal saccule, known as laryngoceles, which can cause respiratory distress or voice changes.
  • Vocal Cord Abnormalities Evaluation and potential removal of affected vocal cords, particularly in cases where lesions or malignancies are suspected.

2. Procedure

The procedure of laryngotomy involves several critical steps that ensure proper access to the larynx for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The following procedural steps are performed:

  • Step 1: Incision An incision is made in the skin over the thyroid cartilage, which is the prominent structure in the neck that protects the larynx. This initial incision allows the surgeon to access the underlying tissues safely.
  • Step 2: Splitting the Thyroid Cartilage The thyroid cartilage is then split in the midline using an oscillating saw. This step is crucial as it provides direct access to the larynx, allowing for a clear view of the internal structures.
  • Step 3: Exposure of the Larynx Once the thyroid cartilage is split, the larynx is fully exposed. This exposure is essential for the surgeon to inspect the larynx for any abnormalities or disease processes.
  • Step 4: Identification and Excision of Lesions The surgeon identifies any tumors, cysts, or affected vocal cords. If a tumor is present, it is excised along with a margin of healthy tissue to ensure complete removal. In cases where the vocal cord is involved, a cordectomy may be performed, which involves the complete removal of the vocal cord.
  • Step 5: Closure of the Surgical Wound After the necessary excisions are completed, the surgical wound in the larynx is closed by suture. This step is vital to promote healing and restore the integrity of the laryngeal structure.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care following a laryngotomy involves monitoring the patient for any complications and ensuring proper recovery. Patients may experience hoarseness or changes in voice due to the nature of the procedure. It is essential to provide appropriate pain management and to monitor for signs of infection at the incision site. Follow-up appointments are necessary to assess healing and to evaluate the larynx for any residual disease or complications. Patients may also require speech therapy to aid in the recovery of vocal function, depending on the extent of the procedure performed.
Short Descr DIAGNOSTIC INCISION LARYNX
Medium Descr LARYNGOTOMY THYROTOMY LARYNGOFISSURE DX
Long Descr Laryngotomy (thyrotomy, laryngofissure); diagnostic
Status Code Active Code
Global Days 090 - Major Surgery
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 0 - Physician Service Code
Multiple Procedures (51) 2 - Standard payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 0 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does NOT apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 0 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Hospital Part B services paid through a comprehensive APC
Type of Service (TOS) 2 - Surgery
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P1G - Major procedure - Other
MUE Not applicable/unspecified.
CCS Clinical Classification 40 - Other diagnostic procedures of respiratory tract and mediastinum
Date
Action
Notes
2017-12-31 Deleted Code deleted.
2011-01-01 Changed Short description changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
Code
Description
Code
Description
Code
Description
Code
Description
CasePilot

Get instant expert-level medical coding assistance.

Ask about:
CPT Codes Guidelines Modifiers Crosswalks NCCI Edits Compliance Medicare Coverage
Example: "What is CPT code 99213?" or "Guidelines for E/M services"