CPT® Code 31370

A partial laryngectomy, commonly known as a hemilaryngectomy, is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of a portion of the larynx, which is the voice box located in the throat. This procedure can be performed in two distinct planes: horizontal and vertical. The horizontal hemilaryngectomy, represented by CPT® Code 31370, is specifically indicated for cases of supraglottic cancer that affect only one side of the larynx (unilateral). In contrast, vertical hemilaryngectomies, which are categorized under different CPT codes, are utilized for cancers located in the anterior commissure, vocal processes of the arytenoid cartilage, or glottic cancer. Before the surgical intervention, a tracheostomy may be performed to facilitate the administration of anesthesia and ensure the patient's airway is secure. During the horizontal hemilaryngectomy, a transverse incision is made in the skin of the neck at the level of the thyroid cartilage, allowing access to the larynx. The procedure involves careful dissection and removal of the affected laryngeal tissue while preserving critical structures, such as the hypoglossal nerves. The surgical technique includes incisions through various anatomical landmarks, ultimately leading to the removal of the involved side of the larynx above the vocal cords. The closure of the surgical wound is performed by reapproximating the thyroid cartilage to the tongue base, followed by the placement of drains and closure of the skin incisions. This procedure is essential for managing specific laryngeal cancers while aiming to preserve as much function as possible in the remaining laryngeal structures.