CPT® Code 31590

Laryngeal reinnervation is a surgical procedure aimed at restoring function to the larynx, specifically targeting the vocal cords. This technique utilizes a neuromuscular pedicle, which is a segment of muscle and its associated nerve supply, to re-establish nerve connections that may have been compromised due to conditions such as unilateral vocal cord paralysis. Unilateral vocal cord paralysis can result from various factors, including injury to the superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves, which are crucial for vocal cord movement. The procedure is particularly indicated when there is a glottis defect measuring less than 3-4 cm and when the vocal cord appears bowed, indicating a lack of tension and proper function. The surgical approach involves making a horizontal incision in the neck, allowing access to the necessary anatomical structures. By harvesting a neuromuscular pedicle from the omohyoid muscle, which is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve, the surgeon can create a connection that facilitates improved vocal cord movement and function. This procedure is essential for patients who experience significant voice impairment due to nerve damage, aiming to enhance their quality of life through improved vocal capabilities.