CPT® Code 31591

Laryngoplasty, medialization, unilateral, is a surgical procedure aimed at restoring laryngeal function by repositioning a paralyzed vocal fold towards the midline of the larynx. This adjustment allows the vocal cords to close completely, which is essential for normal voice production and effective airway protection during swallowing. In a healthy laryngeal function, the vocal cords open during inhalation and close during phonation, coughing, and swallowing. However, when one vocal cord is paralyzed, which can occur due to various factors such as surgical complications, malignancies, trauma, neurological disorders, or unknown causes (idiopathic), it can lead to significant voice impairment and difficulties in swallowing. Patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis often experience a weak and breathy voice, along with challenges in swallowing that may increase the risk of choking or aspiration of food and liquids. The procedure is performed under sedation, ensuring the patient is comfortable while the surgeon makes a small incision to access the thyroid cartilage. Through this incision, the surgeon can visualize and manipulate the vocal cords to achieve the desired medialization, ultimately improving the patient's vocal quality and swallowing function.