CPT® Code 31631

Bronchoscopy, rigid or flexible, including fluoroscopic guidance, when performed; with placement of tracheal stent(s) (includes tracheal/bronchial dilation as required)

The procedure described by CPT® Code 31631 involves the use of a bronchoscope, which can be either rigid or flexible, to perform a detailed examination and treatment of the trachea. The bronchoscope is inserted through the nose or mouth and advanced into the oropharynx, allowing for a thorough visual inspection of the airway structures. Fluoroscopic guidance may be utilized during this procedure to enhance visualization. The examination includes the vocal cords and the trachea, where any abnormalities such as fractures or stenosis (narrowing) can be identified. If a rigid bronchoscope is employed, it allows for direct intervention on the identified issues, such as reducing a tracheal fracture or dilating a stenotic area. This is achieved by passing progressively larger rigid bronchoscopes through the trachea until the anatomical structures are restored to their normal position or the stenosis is adequately treated. In cases where a flexible bronchoscope is used, a balloon catheter is introduced to perform dilation, with the balloon being inflated and deflated serially to achieve the desired outcome. Following the dilation process, if a stent is required to maintain an open airway, it is placed at the site of the obstruction or stenosis using a stent delivery catheter advanced through the bronchoscope. This comprehensive approach ensures that the airway remains patent and functional following the procedure.