Need help choosing the right code?
Ask CasePilot about procedures, modifiers, bundling, and coding guidance.
Try CasePilot© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
The procedure described by CPT® Code 31656 involves the use of a bronchoscope, which can be either rigid or flexible, to perform a detailed examination of the airways. The bronchoscope is inserted through the nose or mouth and is carefully advanced into the oropharynx, allowing for a thorough visual inspection of the area. Fluoroscopic guidance may be utilized during the procedure to enhance visualization and accuracy. The examination includes the vocal cords and extends into the trachea, where any abnormalities can be identified. The bronchoscope is further advanced into each mainstem bronchus, which are the primary branches of the trachea leading to the lungs. If a rigid bronchoscope is employed, a telescope or flexible bronchoscope can be inserted through it to provide a clearer view of the distal segments of the mainstem bronchi. A catheter is then introduced, and a radiopaque dye is injected to facilitate the visualization of the segmental bronchi. These segmental bronchi are the smaller branches that arise from the lobar bronchi, which are the secondary divisions of the right and left mainstem bronchi, and they supply specific bronchopulmonary segments within the lungs. Typically, the right lung contains ten segmental bronchi, while the left lung has nine, each serving distinct areas of lung tissue.
© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.
The procedure associated with CPT® Code 31656 is indicated for various clinical scenarios where detailed visualization of the bronchial tree is necessary. The following conditions may warrant the use of this procedure:
The procedure begins with the insertion of a bronchoscope, which can be either rigid or flexible, through the patient's nose or mouth. This initial step allows access to the oropharynx, where a thorough examination is conducted. Following this, fluoroscopic guidance may be employed to enhance the visualization of the airways. The bronchoscope is then advanced into the trachea, allowing for a detailed inspection of the tracheal walls and any potential abnormalities. After examining the trachea, the bronchoscope is further advanced into each mainstem bronchus, which are the primary branches leading to the lungs. During this phase, the physician carefully notes any irregularities or lesions present in the bronchial passages. If a rigid bronchoscope is utilized, a telescope or flexible bronchoscope may be inserted through it to provide a clearer view of the distal segments of each mainstem bronchus. This step is crucial for visualizing areas that may be difficult to assess with a rigid bronchoscope alone. Subsequently, a catheter is introduced into the bronchial system, and a radiopaque dye is injected. This contrast material is essential for segmental bronchography, as it allows for enhanced imaging of the segmental bronchi, which are the smaller branches that arise from the lobar bronchi. The segmental bronchi supply specific bronchopulmonary segments, with the right lung typically containing ten segmental bronchi and the left lung containing nine.
After the completion of the bronchoscopy with segmental bronchography, patients are typically monitored for any immediate complications or adverse reactions to the procedure. It is essential to observe for signs of respiratory distress, bleeding, or infection. Patients may experience some discomfort in the throat or chest, which is generally temporary. Recovery time can vary depending on the individual and the complexity of the procedure, but most patients are advised to rest and avoid strenuous activities for a short period following the procedure. Additionally, healthcare providers may provide specific instructions regarding follow-up care, including any necessary imaging studies or further evaluations based on the findings from the bronchoscopy.
| Short Descr | BRONCHOSCOPY INJ FOR X-RAY | Medium Descr | BRNCHSC W/NJX CONTRAST SGMTL BRONCHOG | Long Descr | Bronchoscopy, rigid or flexible, including fluoroscopic guidance, when performed; with injection of contrast material for segmental bronchography (fiberscope only) | Status Code | Active Code | Global Days | 000 - Endoscopic or Minor Procedure | PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) | 0 - Physician Service Code | Multiple Procedures (51) | 2 - Standard payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply. | Bilateral Surgery (50) | 0 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does NOT apply. | Physician Supervisions | 09 - Concept does not apply. | Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) | 0 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure... | Co-Surgeons (62) | 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure. | Team Surgery (66) | 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure. | Diagnostic Imaging Family | 99 - Concept Does Not Apply | APC Status Indicator | Discontinued Code | Type of Service (TOS) | 2 - Surgery | Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) | none | MUE | Not applicable/unspecified. | CCS Clinical Classification | 37 - Diagnostic bronchoscopy and biopsy of bronchus |
|
Date
|
Action
|
Notes
|
|---|---|---|
| 2013-01-01 | Deleted | Code deleted, see 31899 |
| 2011-01-01 | Changed | Short description changed. |
| 2010-01-01 | Changed | Code description changed. |
| 2008-01-01 | Changed | Code description changed. |
| 2002-01-01 | Changed | Code description changed. |
| 2001-01-01 | Changed | Code description changed. |
| Pre-1990 | Added | Code added. |
Get instant expert-level medical coding assistance.