CPT® Code 32100

A thoracotomy is a surgical procedure that involves making a large incision in the chest to gain access to the thoracic cavity for exploration purposes. This procedure is typically performed when there is a need to investigate potential abnormalities within the chest, such as issues affecting the heart, lungs, or mediastinal structures. The incision may involve splitting the sternum, which is the breastbone, or removing a portion of one or more ribs to facilitate access. When the sternum is split, a chest spreader is utilized to hold the chest cavity open, allowing the surgeon to thoroughly examine the internal structures. Alternatively, if the incision is made in the anterolateral or posterolateral region of the chest wall, the surgeon will divide the pectoralis and intercostal muscles to expose the pleura, which is the membrane surrounding the lungs. During the procedure, the ribs may be spread apart or a section of one or more ribs may be excised to provide adequate visibility and access. Once the pleura is opened, the surgeon can inspect the heart, lungs, and surrounding mediastinal structures for any abnormalities. After the exploration is complete, a chest tube or catheter may be placed in the pleural space if necessary to facilitate drainage. Finally, the chest spreaders are removed, and the incision is meticulously closed in layers around the chest tube to ensure proper healing and minimize complications.