CPT® Code 32606

Diagnostic thoracoscopy, as defined by CPT® Code 32606, is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that allows for direct visualization of the mediastinal space within the thoracic cavity. This procedure is typically performed to obtain tissue samples for diagnostic purposes. During the procedure, the patient is positioned in a lateral decubitus position, which involves lying on their side. This positioning facilitates access to the thoracic cavity. To enhance visibility and access, one lung is ventilated while the contralateral lung is collapsed, creating a working space within the thorax. The surgeon makes two or three small incisions in the chest wall to introduce a thoracoscope—a specialized instrument equipped with a camera and light source—along with other necessary surgical instruments. The thoracoscope is usually inserted at the sixth or seventh intercostal space, either along the middle axillary line or at the anterior or posterior axillary lines, depending on the specific clinical scenario. Once inside the thoracic cavity, the surgeon visualizes and examines the mediastinal structures, which may include the mediastinal pleura, thymus, lymph nodes, and any masses or lesions present. The procedure may also involve aspirating any fluid found in the mediastinal space and documenting any abnormalities through photographs. Tissue samples are collected from the mediastinal structures as needed, which can provide critical information for diagnosing various conditions affecting the mediastinum.