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Surgical thoracoscopy, commonly known as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to access the thoracic cavity. This technique allows surgeons to perform various interventions within the chest, particularly focusing on the lungs. A lung segmentectomy specifically refers to the surgical removal of a small portion of the lung, known as a lung segment. This procedure is typically indicated for patients with early-stage lung cancer that is localized to a small area of the lung, making it possible to preserve surrounding healthy lung tissue rather than removing an entire lobe. The approach involves making small incisions in the chest wall to insert a camera and surgical instruments, which enhances visualization and precision during the operation. The use of thoracoscopy minimizes trauma to the chest wall, reduces postoperative pain, and promotes quicker recovery compared to traditional open surgery. The procedure is performed under general anesthesia and requires careful planning and execution to ensure the complete removal of the affected lung segment while maintaining the integrity of the remaining lung structure.
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