CPT® Code 33405

An open aortic valve replacement is a surgical procedure performed to replace a diseased or malfunctioning aortic valve with a prosthetic valve. This procedure is conducted with the assistance of cardiopulmonary bypass, which temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs during surgery, allowing the surgeon to operate on a still and bloodless field. The prosthetic valve used in this procedure is specifically one that is not a homograft (a valve taken from a human donor) or a stentless valve (a type of valve that does not have a supporting structure). An example of a prosthetic valve used in this context is a mechanical valve, which is designed to mimic the function of a natural valve and is made from durable materials to ensure longevity. The surgical approach typically involves a median sternotomy or an upper hemisternotomy to gain access to the heart. The procedure is complex and requires careful planning and execution to ensure the proper placement and function of the new valve, as well as to minimize risks and complications associated with heart surgery.