CPT® Code 33426

Mitral valvuloplasty is a surgical procedure aimed at correcting issues with the mitral valve, which is situated between the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart. This procedure is primarily indicated for patients suffering from mitral valve prolapse and regurgitation, conditions characterized by the improper closure of the mitral valve. In mitral valve prolapse, the valve leaflets bulge upward into the left atrium during the contraction of the left ventricle, leading to a situation where blood can leak back into the atrium, known as regurgitation. The surgical approach typically involves accessing the heart through a median sternotomy or a right anterolateral thoracotomy, allowing for direct visualization and intervention on the mitral valve. During the procedure, cardiopulmonary bypass is established to maintain circulation and oxygenation of the blood while the heart is temporarily stopped. The surgical team initiates cardioplegia to protect the heart muscle during the operation. An incision is made in the left atrium to expose the mitral valve, and the specific repair technique is determined based on the nature and severity of the valve's damage. If the valve annulus is found to be dilated, an annuloplasty may be performed to reduce the size of the valve orifice, often utilizing a prosthetic ring for support. The procedure may also involve repairing the valve leaflets and addressing any issues with the chordae tendineae, which are the structures that help anchor the valve leaflets. Overall, mitral valvuloplasty with cardiopulmonary bypass and the use of a prosthetic ring is a complex but critical intervention aimed at restoring proper function to the mitral valve and improving the patient's quality of life.