CPT® Code 33542

The procedure described by CPT® Code 33542 refers to myocardial resection, which is a surgical intervention aimed at removing damaged heart tissue, specifically in cases of ventricular aneurysm. A ventricular aneurysm is a localized dilation of the ventricular wall that can occur following an extensive transmural myocardial infarction, which is a type of heart attack that affects the full thickness of the heart muscle. This procedure is also known as ventricular aneurysmectomy. During myocardial resection, the surgeon typically accesses the heart through a median sternotomy, which involves making an incision along the sternum to expose the heart. Once the heart is accessed, cardiopulmonary bypass is established to take over the function of the heart and lungs, allowing the surgeon to operate on a still and bloodless field. The heart is then placed in cardioplegic arrest, which temporarily stops its function to protect the heart muscle during surgery. The left ventricle is incised to expose the non-contractile, scarred area of the heart, which is assessed for damage. The surgeon excises the affected heart muscle, including the area containing the ventricular aneurysm, and then reapproximates the heart tissue before closing it with sutures. After the procedure, the patient is gradually weaned off cardiopulmonary bypass, and chest tubes may be placed as necessary to drain any fluid accumulation. Finally, the chest incision is closed, completing the surgical intervention.