CPT® Code 33665

The procedure described by CPT® Code 33665 involves the surgical repair of an intermediate or transitional atrioventricular canal, which is a type of congenital heart defect characterized by a combination of atrial septal defect (ASD) and ventricular septal defect (VSD). This condition, also known as an atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) or endocardial cushion defect, occurs when the endocardial cushions, which are embryonic structures that help form the heart's septa and valves, do not develop properly. The result is a defect that can affect the separation of the heart's chambers and the function of the atrioventricular valves. In this procedure, the surgeon addresses the complexities of the AVSD, which can be classified into partial, transitional, or complete forms. The surgical approach typically involves a median sternotomy to access the heart, followed by the establishment of cardiopulmonary bypass to facilitate the repair while the heart is temporarily stopped. The repair process includes the closure of the ASD and VSD, as well as the reconstruction of the atrioventricular valve(s) to ensure proper function. The use of patches, sutures, and careful evaluation of valve competence are critical components of the procedure, aimed at restoring normal hemodynamics and preventing future complications. This intricate surgical intervention is essential for improving the patient's quality of life and overall cardiac function.