CPT® Code 33684

Closure of single ventricular septal defect, with or without patch; with pulmonary valvotomy or infundibular resection (acyanotic)

A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a congenital heart defect characterized by one or more abnormal openings in the septum that separates the heart's ventricles. This condition can lead to increased blood flow to the lungs and may cause various complications if not addressed. The procedure associated with CPT® Code 33684 involves the surgical closure of a single VSD, which may be performed with or without the use of a patch. Additionally, this procedure includes a pulmonary valvotomy or infundibular resection, particularly in cases where the VSD is accompanied by an obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract, such as in mild (acyanotic) tetralogy of Fallot. During the surgery, an incision is made in the chest to access the heart, and the pericardium, the protective sac surrounding the heart, is incised. A patch may be harvested if necessary. Cardiopulmonary bypass is then initiated to maintain circulation while the heart is operated on. The VSD is repaired through an incision made in the right ventricle or pulmonary artery, where the defect is addressed either by suturing or by placing a patch over the opening. If the pulmonary valve is found to have fused commissures, they are surgically opened to restore normal function. The procedure concludes with the closure of the access incision, discontinuation of cardiopulmonary bypass, placement of chest tubes, and closure of the chest incision. This comprehensive approach ensures that both the VSD and any associated outflow tract obstructions are effectively managed, promoting better outcomes for the patient.