CPT® Code 33959

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)/extracorporeal life support (ECLS) provided by physician; reposition peripheral (arterial and/or venous) cannula(e), open, birth through 5 years of age (includes fluoroscopic guidance, when performed)

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and extracorporeal life support (ECLS) are terms that refer to advanced medical procedures designed to provide long-term support for patients experiencing severe heart and lung failure. These procedures involve the use of an artificial lung to oxygenate blood outside the body, allowing it to be circulated back into the bloodstream. The process is critical for patients who cannot maintain adequate oxygenation or perfusion due to various medical conditions. In the context of CPT® Code 33959, the focus is on the repositioning of peripheral arterial and/or venous cannula(e) in pediatric patients, specifically those from birth through 5 years of age. This procedure is essential because the effectiveness of ECMO/ECLS can be compromised if the cannula(e) are not optimally positioned. Cannula migration can lead to inadequate blood flow and oxygenation, necessitating careful repositioning to ensure that the patient receives the best possible support. The procedure includes the use of fluoroscopic guidance, which aids in visualizing the cannula placement during the repositioning process, ensuring precision and safety. This code is specifically designated for younger patients, while a different code, 33962, is applicable for patients aged 6 years and older, highlighting the importance of age-specific considerations in the management of ECMO/ECLS procedures.