CPT® Code 33988

The procedure described by CPT® Code 33988 involves the insertion of a left heart vent through a thoracic incision, which may include techniques such as sternotomy or thoracotomy, specifically for the purpose of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) or Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS). This intervention is critical in managing patients who require support for cardiac function, particularly when the left ventricle is unable to adequately decompress during ECMO/ECLS therapy. The left heart vent serves to facilitate the removal of blood from the left ventricle, thereby alleviating pressure and preventing complications associated with incomplete unloading. The procedure necessitates a surgical approach where an incision is made in the chest wall, allowing access to the heart. This access is achieved either by spreading the ribs or by making a vertical incision along the sternum, which involves separating the sternum to reach the heart. Once the left ventricle is accessed, a cannula is inserted into its apex and secured in place. This cannula is then connected to the ECMO/ECLS circuit, enabling the management of blood flow and oxygenation. Following the insertion, the incision is closed, and a sterile dressing is applied to protect the surgical site. This procedure is essential for patients requiring advanced cardiac support, ensuring that the left ventricle can be effectively managed during critical care situations.