CPT® Code 33989

The procedure described by CPT® Code 33989 involves the removal of a left heart vent through a thoracic incision, which may be performed via sternotomy or thoracotomy. This procedure is typically indicated in the context of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) or Extracorporeal Life Support (ECLS) systems, where the left heart vent is initially inserted to alleviate pressure in the left ventricle. The left heart vent serves to decompress the left ventricle, particularly when the inflow during ECMO/ECLS is primarily from the right heart, leading to potential incomplete unloading of the left ventricle. The surgical approach requires careful access to the thoracic cavity, which is achieved by making an incision between the ribs or along the sternum to gain entry to the heart. The procedure necessitates meticulous handling of the heart structures and requires the closure of the left ventricle after the cannula is removed, ensuring that hemostasis is achieved before closing the chest. This procedure is critical for managing patients undergoing ECMO/ECLS, as it directly impacts the effectiveness of the support provided to the heart during critical care situations.