CPT® Code 35188

An acquired or traumatic arteriovenous fistula is a pathological condition characterized by an abnormal connection between an artery and a vein, which can occur due to trauma or injury to blood vessels. This condition may manifest immediately following the injury or develop gradually over time. The presence of this abnormal communication allows blood to flow from the artery, which operates under high pressure, directly into the vein. Since the walls of veins are not designed to withstand such high-pressure blood flow, they can become distended and enlarged, leading to further complications. Over time, the increased blood flow into the venous system can result in various cardiovascular issues. The procedure coded as CPT® 35188 specifically refers to the surgical repair of this type of fistula located in the head and neck region. The repair process involves several critical steps, including the exposure of the fistula, dissection from surrounding tissues, isolation of the fistula using clamps, severing the abnormal connection, and repairing the artery and vein, either with sutures or using a synthetic patch or vein graft. This comprehensive approach aims to restore normal blood flow and prevent potential complications associated with the fistula.