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Official Description

Thromboendarterectomy, including patch graft, if performed; iliac

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

Thromboendarterectomy is a surgical procedure specifically targeting the iliac artery, which is a major blood vessel supplying blood to the lower limbs. This procedure is indicated for the removal of thrombus, which can be a blood clot or atherosclerotic plaque that has formed and adhered to the walls of the artery, leading to occlusion. The goal of the thromboendarterectomy is to restore normal blood flow by excising the obstructive material along with the inner layer of the artery, known as the intima. The procedure typically begins with an incision in the abdomen to access the iliac artery, and in cases where the iliofemoral artery is involved, additional incisions may be made in the leg. During the operation, the affected segment of the artery is carefully isolated and dissected from surrounding tissues. To maintain blood flow during the procedure, a temporary shunt may be placed. The surgical team will then clamp the artery above and below the blockage, incise the artery, and meticulously remove the thrombus and plaque. The intima is separated from the arterial wall to enhance the artery's diameter, and the remaining healthy intima is sutured back to the artery wall. Depending on the condition of the artery, the repair may involve direct suturing or the application of a patch graft, which can be either venous or synthetic, to further enlarge the artery's diameter. After the procedure, the shunt is removed, clamps are released to restore blood flow, and the surgical site is closed in layers, ensuring proper hemostasis and recovery of the surrounding tissues.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The thromboendarterectomy procedure is indicated for patients presenting with specific conditions that lead to occlusion of the iliac artery. These indications include:

  • Thrombus Formation The presence of a blood clot within the iliac artery that obstructs blood flow.
  • Atherosclerotic Plaque The accumulation of fatty deposits and plaque on the arterial walls, leading to narrowing and blockage of the artery.
  • Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) A condition characterized by reduced blood flow to the limbs due to arterial blockages, which may necessitate intervention to restore circulation.

2. Procedure

The thromboendarterectomy procedure involves several critical steps to ensure successful removal of the obstruction and restoration of blood flow. The steps include:

  • Step 1: Incision An access incision is made in the abdomen to reach the iliac artery. If the iliofemoral artery is also involved, an additional incision may be made in the leg to facilitate access.
  • Step 2: Isolation and Dissection The thrombosed portion of the artery is carefully isolated from adjacent structures. This step is crucial to prevent damage to surrounding tissues during the procedure.
  • Step 3: Temporary Shunt Placement To maintain perfusion and blood flow during the surgery, a temporary shunt may be placed across the affected area of the artery.
  • Step 4: Clamping the Artery Vascular clamps are applied both proximal and distal to the obstructed segment of the artery to control blood flow and create a clear working area.
  • Step 5: Artery Incision and Debridement The artery is incised, and the thrombus along with any atherosclerotic plaque is meticulously removed. This step is essential for clearing the blockage and restoring normal arterial function.
  • Step 6: Intima Removal The inner lining of the artery, known as the intima, is separated from the arterial walls and excised to increase the diameter of the artery, facilitating better blood flow.
  • Step 7: Repair of the Artery The edges of the remaining healthy intima are sutured back to the artery walls. Depending on the condition of the artery, the repair may be performed primarily with sutures or a patch graft (either venous or synthetic) may be applied to enlarge the artery's diameter.
  • Step 8: Shunt Removal and Restoration of Blood Flow If a shunt was placed, it is removed, and the vascular clamps are released to restore blood flow through the artery.
  • Step 9: Hemostasis Check The arterial suture line is carefully checked for hemostasis to ensure there is no bleeding before closing the incision.
  • Step 10: Closure of Overlying Tissues The overlying tissues are then closed in layers to promote proper healing and recovery.

3. Post-Procedure

After the thromboendarterectomy, patients are typically monitored for any signs of complications, such as bleeding or infection. The expected recovery period may vary depending on the individual’s overall health and the extent of the procedure. Patients may be advised to follow specific post-operative care instructions, including activity restrictions and wound care. Follow-up appointments are essential to assess the success of the procedure and ensure that blood flow has been adequately restored. Additionally, patients may require lifestyle modifications and medical management to prevent future arterial blockages.

Short Descr RECHANNELING OF ARTERY
Medium Descr TEAEC W/WO PATCH GRAFT ILIAC
Long Descr Thromboendarterectomy, including patch graft, if performed; iliac
Status Code Active Code
Global Days 090 - Major Surgery
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 0 - Physician Service Code
Multiple Procedures (51) 2 - Standard payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 1 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures applies.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 2 - Payment restriction for assistants at surgery does not apply to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 1 - Co-surgeons could be paid, though supporting documentation is required...
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Inpatient Procedures, not paid under OPPS
Type of Service (TOS) 2 - Surgery
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P2F - Major procedure, cardiovascular-Other
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 61 - Other OR procedures on vessels other than head and neck
22 Increased procedural services: when the work required to provide a service is substantially greater than typically required, it may be identified by adding modifier 22 to the usual procedure code. documentation must support the substantial additional work and the reason for the additional work (ie, increased intensity, time, technical difficulty of procedure, severity of patient's condition, physical and mental effort required). note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
50 Bilateral procedure: unless otherwise identified in the listings, bilateral procedures that are performed at the same session, should be identified by adding modifier 50 to the appropriate 5 digit code. note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
54 Surgical care only: when 1 physician or other qualified health care professional performs a surgical procedure and another provides preoperative and/or postoperative management, surgical services may be identified by adding modifier 54 to the usual procedure number.
58 Staged or related procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was: (a) planned or anticipated (staged); (b) more extensive than the original procedure; or (c) for therapy following a surgical procedure. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 58 to the staged or related procedure. note: for treatment of a problem that requires a return to the operating/procedure room (eg, unanticipated clinical condition), see modifier 78.
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
62 Two surgeons: when 2 surgeons work together as primary surgeons performing distinct part(s) of a procedure, each surgeon should report his/her distinct operative work by adding modifier 62 to the procedure code and any associated add-on code(s) for that procedure as long as both surgeons continue to work together as primary surgeons. each surgeon should report the co-surgery once using the same procedure code. if additional procedure(s) (including add-on procedure(s) are performed during the same surgical session, separate code(s) may also be reported with modifier 62 added. note: if a co-surgeon acts as an assistant in the performance of additional procedure(s), other than those reported with the modifier 62, during the same surgical session, those services may be reported using separate procedure code(s) with modifier 80 or modifier 82 added, as appropriate.
78 Unplanned return to the operating/procedure room by the same physician or other qualified health care professional following initial procedure for a related procedure during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that another procedure was performed during the postoperative period of the initial procedure (unplanned procedure following initial procedure). when this procedure is related to the first, and requires the use of an operating/procedure room, it may be reported by adding modifier 78 to the related procedure. (for repeat procedures, see modifier 76.)
79 Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: the individual may need to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was unrelated to the original procedure. this circumstance may be reported by using modifier 79. (for repeat procedures on the same day, see modifier 76.)
80 Assistant surgeon: surgical assistant services may be identified by adding modifier 80 to the usual procedure number(s).
82 Assistant surgeon (when qualified resident surgeon not available): the unavailability of a qualified resident surgeon is a prerequisite for use of modifier 82 appended to the usual procedure code number(s).
AS Physician assistant, nurse practitioner, or clinical nurse specialist services for assistant at surgery
CC Procedure code change (use 'cc' when the procedure code submitted was changed either for administrative reasons or because an incorrect code was filed)
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
XE Separate encounter, a service that is distinct because it occurred during a separate encounter
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
Date
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Notes
2007-01-01 Changed Code description changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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