CPT® Code 36481

Portal vein catheterization is a medical procedure that involves the insertion of a catheter into the portal vein, which is a major blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the digestive organs to the liver. This procedure is typically performed to facilitate portography, a diagnostic imaging technique that allows for the visualization of the portal vein and its branches. The portal vein plays a crucial role in transporting nutrients, such as glucose, and other substances absorbed from the digestive tract to the liver, where these substances are processed. During the catheterization, the physician may also conduct a hemodynamic evaluation, which assesses the blood flow and pressure within the portal vein. The procedure is performed using imaging guidance to ensure accurate placement of the catheter. The catheter is inserted through the skin of the abdomen, navigated through the liver, and positioned within the portal vein. This allows for the measurement of portal blood pressure, evaluation of flow gradients, and the potential injection of radiopaque material for imaging purposes. After the procedure, a gel-foam sponge may be introduced through the catheter to seal the puncture site in the liver, thereby minimizing the risk of intraperitoneal bleeding.