CPT® Code 36822

Deleted

Insertion of cannula(s) for prolonged extracorporeal circulation for cardiopulmonary insufficiency (ECMO) (separate procedure)

The procedure described by CPT® Code 36822 involves the insertion of cannulae for prolonged extracorporeal circulation, specifically for patients experiencing cardiopulmonary insufficiency. This procedure is a separate intervention that facilitates extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), a critical life-support technique used in cases of severe cardiorespiratory failure. ECMO serves as a modified form of heart-lung bypass, allowing the heart and/or lungs to rest and recover while providing necessary oxygenation to the blood. The process involves the use of an artificial lung or membrane, which is situated outside the patient's body, to oxygenate the blood before it is returned to the circulatory system. The ECMO system comprises several key components, including a blood pump, tubing, a venous reservoir, a membrane oxygenator, and a countercurrent heat exchanger. These components work together to ensure that blood is effectively oxygenated and circulated. The cannulae, which are inserted into large blood vessels near the heart, such as those in the neck or femoral region, play a crucial role in connecting the patient to the ECMO machine. The insertion of these cannulae can be performed through various approaches, including a neck incision to access the veins or a direct approach to the heart by opening the chest. This procedure is vital for patients who require temporary support for their heart and lungs, allowing for recovery or maturation of these organs in critical situations.