CPT® Code 37221

Revascularization, endovascular, open or percutaneous, iliac artery, unilateral, initial vessel; with transluminal stent placement(s), includes angioplasty within the same vessel, when performed

The procedure described by CPT® Code 37221 involves the revascularization of an occluded or narrowed iliac artery, which is a major blood vessel in the pelvis that supplies blood to the lower limbs. This revascularization can be performed using either an open surgical approach or a percutaneous (minimally invasive) technique. The primary goal of this procedure is to restore adequate blood flow to the affected area, which may be compromised due to conditions such as atherosclerosis, where plaque builds up in the artery walls, leading to stenosis or complete blockage. During the procedure, the physician employs angioplasty, which involves the use of a balloon catheter to dilate the narrowed artery, and may also place a transluminal stent to keep the artery open. The stent acts as a scaffold, providing structural support to the artery and preventing re-narrowing. The procedure is typically guided by imaging techniques, such as fluoroscopy, to ensure accurate placement of devices and to monitor the success of the intervention. The use of stents in conjunction with angioplasty is crucial for maintaining long-term patency of the artery, especially in cases where the blockage is significant. This code specifically refers to the initial treatment of one iliac artery, and additional codes are available for subsequent treatments on the same side or for different arteries.