CPT® Code 42975

Drug-induced sleep endoscopy, with dynamic evaluation of velum, pharynx, tongue base, and larynx for evaluation of sleep-disordered breathing, flexible, diagnostic

The CPT® Code 42975 refers to a procedure known as drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE), which is specifically designed for the evaluation of sleep-disordered breathing, particularly obstructive sleep apnea. This minimally invasive diagnostic procedure allows healthcare professionals to observe the upper airway in real time while the patient is under a controlled state of sedation. During the DISE, a sedative agent, such as propofol or midazolam, is administered by an anesthesiologist to induce a natural sleep state, minimizing any pharmacological interference with the neurophysiology and dynamics of the upper airway. The procedure is performed with the patient lying flat, facilitating optimal visualization of the airway structures. As the patient transitions into sleep and begins to snore, a small, flexible fiberoptic laryngoscope is carefully inserted through one nostril into the throat. This allows the physician to directly observe critical areas including the nose, soft palate, tongue, throat, and voice box. The primary objective of this procedure is to evaluate the pattern of airway collapse and the extent of any obstruction that may be contributing to sleep-disordered breathing. Following the procedure, which typically lasts only a few minutes, the patient is gently awakened, and the recorded images are analyzed to inform potential treatment options. These options may include surgical interventions, the use of oral devices, or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, depending on the findings of the evaluation.