CPT® Code 43243

An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a specialized upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopic procedure that allows for the examination of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and/or jejunum. This procedure is performed using a flexible, transoral endoscope, which is a thin, lighted tube equipped with a camera that provides direct visualization of the upper GI tract. The primary purpose of this procedure is to assess and treat conditions such as esophageal and gastric varices, which are dilated blood vessels that can develop in the esophagus and stomach, often as a result of portal hypertension due to liver cirrhosis. During the EGD, the patient’s mouth and throat are numbed with an anesthetic spray to minimize discomfort. A hollow mouthpiece is then placed in the mouth to facilitate the insertion of the endoscope. As the patient swallows, the endoscope is carefully advanced through the esophagus, allowing the physician to inspect the esophageal lining for any abnormalities. The procedure continues as the endoscope is passed into the stomach, where air is insufflated to expand the stomach for better visualization. The physician examines various regions of the stomach, including the cardia, fundus, greater and lesser curvature, and antrum, noting any irregularities. The endoscope is further advanced through the pylorus into the duodenum and/or jejunum, where the mucosal surfaces are also inspected. In the context of CPT® Code 43243, the procedure includes the injection of a sclerosing solution directly into the esophageal and/or gastric varices, which serves to shrink these abnormal blood vessels and reduce the risk of bleeding. This procedure is critical for managing complications associated with portal hypertension and ensuring patient safety.