CPT® Code 45398

A flexible colonoscopy is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure that involves the use of a flexible colonoscope to visualize the interior of the colon and rectum. During this procedure, the colonoscope, which is a long, flexible tube equipped with a camera and light source, is inserted into the rectum and carefully advanced through the colon to the cecum or the terminal ileum. The use of air insufflation is critical as it helps to expand the colon, allowing for better visualization of the mucosal surfaces by separating the folds of the colon. This thorough examination is essential for identifying any abnormalities, such as polyps, tumors, or signs of inflammation. In addition to diagnostic purposes, this procedure also includes therapeutic interventions, specifically the band ligation of hemorrhoids. Hemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels in the rectal area that can cause discomfort and bleeding. During the band ligation process, the physician locates the internal hemorrhoids, grasps them with forceps, and pulls them into a ligation device. The ligation device is designed to apply a rubber band around the base of the hemorrhoid, effectively cutting off its blood supply. This method may involve the application of multiple bands to ensure effective treatment. Once the ligation is complete, the colonoscope is withdrawn, and the entire colon is examined for any additional issues. This combination of diagnostic and therapeutic actions makes the procedure a valuable tool in managing conditions related to the colon and rectum.