CPT® Code 46221

The procedure described by CPT® Code 46221 is known as a hemorrhoidectomy, specifically targeting internal hemorrhoids through the method of rubber band ligation. This technique is commonly referred to as rubber band ligature. It is a minimally invasive procedure designed to treat one or more internal hemorrhoids, which are swollen veins located inside the rectum. The procedure typically involves the use of an anoscope or proctoscope, which are specialized instruments that allow the physician to visualize the hemorrhoids clearly. During the procedure, the physician utilizes forceps to grasp the hemorrhoid and carefully pulls it through the barrel of a ligature device. It is crucial for the physician to ensure that the entire hemorrhoid is contained within the barrel to effectively apply the rubber band. The ligation process involves squeezing the handle of the ligator, which applies a rubber band around the base of the hemorrhoid. To enhance the effectiveness of the treatment and ensure that the blood supply to the hemorrhoid is adequately interrupted, a second rubber band is often placed in the same manner. This redundancy is important as it provides a safeguard in case one of the bands were to break, thereby increasing the likelihood of successful treatment and reducing the chance of recurrence.