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Official Description

Cystourethroscopy, with fulguration (including cryosurgery or laser surgery) and/or resection of; LARGE bladder tumor(s)

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

Cystourethroscopy is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure that allows for the visualization of the interior of the bladder and urethra. This procedure is particularly important for identifying and treating bladder tumors. During cystourethroscopy, a cystoscope, which can be either rigid or flexible, is inserted through the urethra into the bladder. The urethral orifice is first cleansed with an antiseptic solution to minimize the risk of infection. To enhance visibility, the bladder may be filled with sterile saline, which helps to expand the bladder wall and provides a clearer view of any abnormalities. Once inside, the bladder is thoroughly inspected, and the ureteral orifices are identified and examined for any potential issues. When bladder tumors are located, an electrocautery device is advanced through the cystoscope to the tumor site. This device utilizes high-frequency electrical currents to destroy the tumors effectively. Alternatively, other methods such as laser surgery or cryosurgery may be employed to achieve the same result. After the tumors are treated, the bladder is re-inspected to confirm that all tumors have been adequately destroyed. The cystoscope is then carefully removed from the urethra. This procedure is categorized based on the size of the tumors being treated. For instance, smaller lesions measuring less than 0.5 cm are coded differently than larger tumors. Specifically, CPT® Code 52240 is designated for the treatment of large bladder tumors that exceed 5 cm in size, which may involve either destruction or resection of the tumors. The resection process involves the use of a resectoscope, which is advanced to the tumor site after the initial cystoscope is removed, allowing for the complete removal of the tumor through irrigation and evacuation techniques. Throughout the procedure, bleeding is managed as necessary using electrocoagulation or laser coagulation methods.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The procedure of cystourethroscopy with fulguration, resection, or destruction of large bladder tumors is indicated for the following conditions:

  • Bladder Tumors: The primary indication for this procedure is the presence of large bladder tumors, specifically those measuring greater than 5 cm in diameter, which require intervention to prevent complications such as obstruction or malignancy.
  • Suspicion of Bladder Cancer: Cystourethroscopy is performed when there is a clinical suspicion of bladder cancer based on symptoms or imaging studies, allowing for direct visualization and treatment of any identified tumors.
  • Recurrent Hematuria: Patients presenting with recurrent blood in the urine (hematuria) may undergo this procedure to identify and treat underlying causes, including large tumors.

2. Procedure

The procedure involves several key steps to ensure effective treatment of large bladder tumors:

  • Preparation: The patient is positioned appropriately, and the urethral orifice is cleansed with an antiseptic solution to reduce the risk of infection. This step is crucial for maintaining a sterile environment during the procedure.
  • Introduction of the Cystoscope: A rigid or flexible cystoscope is then introduced through the urethra into the bladder. The choice of cystoscope depends on the specific clinical scenario and the preference of the physician.
  • Bladder Filling: To enhance visualization, the bladder may be filled with sterile saline. This distension allows for a better view of the bladder wall and any potential tumors.
  • Inspection of the Bladder: The bladder is thoroughly inspected, and the ureteral orifices are identified and examined. This step is essential for assessing the overall health of the bladder and identifying any abnormalities.
  • Identification of Tumors: Any bladder tumors present are located during the inspection. The physician carefully notes their size and position to plan the subsequent treatment.
  • Destruction of Tumors: An electrocautery device is advanced through the cystoscope to the site of the tumors. The device is activated to destroy the tumors using high-frequency electrical currents. Alternatively, a laser or cryoprobe may be utilized for tumor destruction, depending on the specific circumstances.
  • Resection of Tumors (if necessary): If resection is indicated, the cystoscope is removed, and a resectoscope is advanced to the tumor site. The tumor is then resected using irrigation and a cystoscopic evacuation device. This process is repeated until all tumors have been successfully removed.
  • Control of Bleeding: Throughout the procedure, any bleeding is controlled as needed using electrocoagulation or laser coagulation techniques to ensure patient safety and minimize complications.
  • Final Inspection: Upon completion of the tumor destruction or resection, the bladder is re-inspected to confirm that all tumors have been adequately treated before the cystoscope is removed.

3. Post-Procedure

After the procedure, patients may experience some discomfort, which is typically managed with analgesics. Monitoring for any signs of complications, such as bleeding or infection, is essential. Patients may be advised to increase fluid intake to help flush the bladder and reduce the risk of urinary tract infections. Follow-up appointments are often scheduled to assess recovery and to perform any necessary additional treatments or surveillance for bladder tumors. It is important for patients to report any unusual symptoms, such as persistent hematuria or severe pain, to their healthcare provider promptly.

Short Descr CYSTOSCOPY AND TREATMENT
Medium Descr CYSTOURETHROSCOPY W/DEST &/RMVL TUMOR LARGE
Long Descr Cystourethroscopy, with fulguration (including cryosurgery or laser surgery) and/or resection of; LARGE bladder tumor(s)
Status Code Active Code
Global Days 000 - Endoscopic or Minor Procedure
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 0 - Physician Service Code
Multiple Procedures (51) 3 - Special payment adjustment rules for multiple endoscopic procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 0 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures does NOT apply.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 1 - Statutory payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Endoscopic Base Code 52000  Cystourethroscopy (separate procedure)
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Hospital Part B services paid through a comprehensive APC
ASC Payment Indicator Surgical procedure on ASC list in CY 2007; payment based on OPPS relative payment weight.
Type of Service (TOS) 2 - Surgery
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P8E - Endoscopy - cystoscopy
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 101 - Transurethral excision, drainage, or removal urinary obstruction
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
SG Ambulatory surgical center (asc) facility service
22 Increased procedural services: when the work required to provide a service is substantially greater than typically required, it may be identified by adding modifier 22 to the usual procedure code. documentation must support the substantial additional work and the reason for the additional work (ie, increased intensity, time, technical difficulty of procedure, severity of patient's condition, physical and mental effort required). note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
79 Unrelated procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: the individual may need to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was unrelated to the original procedure. this circumstance may be reported by using modifier 79. (for repeat procedures on the same day, see modifier 76.)
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
AQ Physician providing a service in an unlisted health professional shortage area (hpsa)
52 Reduced services: under certain circumstances a service or procedure is partially reduced or eliminated at the discretion of the physician or other qualified health care professional. under these circumstances the service provided can be identified by its usual procedure number and the addition of modifier 52, signifying that the service is reduced. this provides a means of reporting reduced services without disturbing the identification of the basic service. note: for hospital outpatient reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well-being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use).
53 Discontinued procedure: under certain circumstances, the physician or other qualified health care professional may elect to terminate a surgical or diagnostic procedure. due to extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well being of the patient, it may be necessary to indicate that a surgical or diagnostic procedure was started but discontinued. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 53 to the code reported by the individual for the discontinued procedure. note: this modifier is not used to report the elective cancellation of a procedure prior to the patient's anesthesia induction and/or surgical preparation in the operating suite. for outpatient hospital/ambulatory surgery center (asc) reporting of a previously scheduled procedure/service that is partially reduced or cancelled as a result of extenuating circumstances or those that threaten the well being of the patient prior to or after administration of anesthesia, see modifiers 73 and 74 (see modifiers approved for asc hospital outpatient use).
58 Staged or related procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was: (a) planned or anticipated (staged); (b) more extensive than the original procedure; or (c) for therapy following a surgical procedure. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 58 to the staged or related procedure. note: for treatment of a problem that requires a return to the operating/procedure room (eg, unanticipated clinical condition), see modifier 78.
76 Repeat procedure or service by same physician or other qualified health care professional: it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was repeated by the same physician or other qualified health care professional subsequent to the original procedure or service. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 76 to the repeated procedure or service. note: this modifier should not be appended to an e/m service.
78 Unplanned return to the operating/procedure room by the same physician or other qualified health care professional following initial procedure for a related procedure during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that another procedure was performed during the postoperative period of the initial procedure (unplanned procedure following initial procedure). when this procedure is related to the first, and requires the use of an operating/procedure room, it may be reported by adding modifier 78 to the related procedure. (for repeat procedures, see modifier 76.)
80 Assistant surgeon: surgical assistant services may be identified by adding modifier 80 to the usual procedure number(s).
AG Primary physician
AS Physician assistant, nurse practitioner, or clinical nurse specialist services for assistant at surgery
CC Procedure code change (use 'cc' when the procedure code submitted was changed either for administrative reasons or because an incorrect code was filed)
CR Catastrophe/disaster related
GV Attending physician not employed or paid under arrangement by the patient's hospice provider
GW Service not related to the hospice patient's terminal condition
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
PT Colorectal cancer screening test; converted to diagnostic test or other procedure
Q1 Routine clinical service provided in a clinical research study that is in an approved clinical research study
Q6 Service furnished under a fee-for-time compensation arrangement by a substitute physician or by a substitute physical therapist furnishing outpatient physical therapy services in a health professional shortage area, a medically underserved area, or a rural area
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
XE Separate encounter, a service that is distinct because it occurred during a separate encounter
XS Separate structure, a service that is distinct because it was performed on a separate organ/structure
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
Date
Action
Notes
2013-01-01 Changed Medium Descriptor changed.
2011-01-01 Changed Medium description changed.
Pre-1990 Added Code added.
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