CPT® Code 52277

The procedure described by CPT® Code 52277 involves cystourethroscopy with resection of the external sphincter, also known as sphincterotomy. The external urethral sphincter is a critical ring-like muscle located in the urethra, responsible for controlling the release of urine from the bladder. Cystourethroscopy is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure that allows healthcare professionals to visualize the interior of the bladder and urethra, facilitating the identification of any abnormalities or issues related to the external sphincter. During the procedure, the urethral orifice is first cleansed with an antiseptic solution to minimize the risk of infection. A cystoscope, which can be either rigid or flexible, is then carefully introduced through the urethra and into the bladder. This instrument enables the physician to inspect the bladder's interior and examine the ureteral orifices, which are the openings where urine enters the bladder from the kidneys. After a thorough inspection, the cystoscope is gradually withdrawn to locate the external urethral sphincter. To alleviate any obstruction and facilitate easier urine passage, multiple radial incisions are made in the sphincter muscle. Following this, the urethra is re-evaluated using the cystoscope to ensure proper healing and to control any potential bleeding. Finally, a Foley catheter is inserted through the urethra into the bladder to maintain the diameter of the urethral sphincter, promoting optimal recovery and function.