CPT® Code 52320

The procedure described by CPT® Code 52320 involves cystourethroscopy, which is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to visualize and access the bladder and urethra. During this procedure, a rigid or flexible cystoscope, a thin tube equipped with a camera and light, is inserted through the urethra into the bladder. This allows the physician to inspect the bladder and ureters for any abnormalities, such as stones or tumors. The urethra is first cleansed with an antiseptic solution to minimize the risk of infection. To enhance visibility, sterile saline may be introduced into the bladder, which helps to distend the bladder wall and provides a clearer view of the internal structures. In the context of this procedure, the primary focus is the removal of a ureteral calculus, or stone, which can obstruct the urinary tract and cause significant discomfort or complications. After the bladder inspection, the ureters are catheterized to facilitate access to the stones. A guidewire is then advanced through the cystoscope into the ureter, allowing for the introduction of a grasping or retrieval device. This device is used to capture and remove the calculus from the ureter. The procedure may also involve the use of additional techniques, such as fragmentation of the stone using ultrasonic or electrohydraulic methods, although these are specifically detailed under a different CPT® code (52325). Following the removal of the stone, the ureter may be irrigated to clear any remaining fragments, and diagnostic or therapeutic solutions can be instilled as needed. The procedure concludes with the careful removal of the cystoscope, guidewire, and any catheters used during the process.