CPT® Code 61751

Stereotactic biopsy, aspiration, or excision, including burr hole(s), for intracranial lesion; with computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance guidance

Stereotactic biopsy, aspiration, or excision is a minimally invasive procedure designed to obtain tissue samples or remove lesions from deep-seated masses, tumors, or other intracranial lesions that are not accessible through traditional open surgical techniques. This procedure employs a specialized frame that is securely attached to the patient's skull, allowing for precise targeting of the lesion. The use of advanced imaging techniques, such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is integral to the process, as these modalities provide detailed maps of the brain's anatomy and the exact location of the lesion. In some cases, angiography may also be utilized to enhance visualization. During the procedure, a stereotactic biopsy apparatus is aligned with the imaging coordinates to ensure accurate placement of instruments. An incision is made in the scalp at the site where a burr hole will be created, which is then drilled to allow access to the intracranial space. A biopsy probe is inserted through this burr hole and guided to the lesion using the predetermined stereotactic coordinates, enabling the physician to obtain tissue samples for diagnostic purposes. In cases where aspiration is required, a specialized stereotactic aspiration device is employed instead. For excision of a tumor or mass, surgical instruments are introduced through one or more burr holes, allowing for the careful removal of the lesion in a piecemeal fashion. After the procedure, the burr hole is typically filled with bone wax to promote healing, and the skin incision is sutured closed. The stereotactic frame is then removed, completing the procedure. This code, CPT® 61751, is specifically used when the procedure is performed with the guidance of CT or MRI, distinguishing it from similar procedures that do not utilize these imaging techniques.