CPT® Code 61891

Revision or replacement of skull-mounted cranial neurostimulator pulse generator or receiver with connection to depth and/or cortical strip electrode array(s)

The procedure described by CPT® Code 61891 involves the revision or replacement of a skull-mounted cranial neurostimulator pulse generator or receiver. This device is typically utilized in the management of conditions such as drug-resistant focal epilepsy, where traditional treatments have proven ineffective. The cranial neurostimulator functions by delivering electrical impulses to specific areas of the brain, thereby modulating neural activity and potentially alleviating seizure episodes. In cases where the device malfunctions, experiences complications, or is subject to injury, a revision or replacement becomes necessary. The procedure is performed under general anesthesia to ensure the patient's comfort and safety. During the operation, a scalp flap is created to access the neurostimulator, allowing the surgeon to evaluate the device's condition. If required, the device may be repositioned or replaced entirely. Additionally, the connections to the depth and/or cortical strip electrode arrays implanted in the brain are assessed to ensure proper functionality. Any signs of infection in the area surrounding the implant are meticulously addressed to prevent further complications. Once the necessary adjustments or replacements are made, the neurostimulator pulse generator is securely anchored within the skull, and the scalp flap is sutured closed to promote healing.