CPT® Code 62121

An encephalocele is a congenital defect characterized by the protrusion of intracranial contents through an abnormal opening in the skull. This condition can manifest in various forms, with the contents of the encephalocele potentially comprising only cerebrospinal fluid or including brain tissue. Encephaloceles are primarily categorized into two types based on their location: cranial vault encephaloceles and skull base encephaloceles. Cranial vault encephaloceles typically occur on the outer surface of the skull, often along the suture lines in regions such as the frontal, parietal, or occipital areas, and may present as a noticeable external bulge. In contrast, skull base encephaloceles are further divided into frontoethmoidal encephaloceles, which protrude forward and create a mass in the facial area, and basal encephaloceles, which extend downward into the nasopharynx. The surgical procedure for repairing an encephalocele, specifically a skull base encephalocele, involves a craniotomy, where a skin flap is created to access the defect. The surgical approach is tailored to the specific site and contents of the encephalocele, ensuring that any brain tissue present is appropriately managed during the repair process.