© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Epikeratoplasty is a surgical procedure aimed at repairing the cornea, specifically targeting areas that are damaged or thinned. During this procedure, the corneal epithelium, which is the outermost layer of the cornea, is carefully excised from the affected region. This removal is crucial as it prepares the site for the transplantation of donor corneal tissue. The donor tissue is specially processed; it is reshaped and freeze-dried to ensure its viability and compatibility with the recipient's eye. Once prepared, this graft is meticulously placed into the corneal defect, effectively filling the void left by the damaged tissue. To secure the graft in place, sutures are employed, ensuring that the donor tissue remains stable during the healing process. In some cases, to facilitate optimal healing, the eyelids may be temporarily sutured closed. This technique allows the patient's own corneal tissue to grow over and integrate with the graft, promoting a successful outcome. Typically, the healing of the corneal epithelium occurs within 4 to 5 days, at which point the eyelid sutures can be removed. However, the complete stabilization of the graft, achieved through the overgrowth of new corneal epithelium, generally takes an additional 2 to 3 months. During this recovery period, patients are advised to use prescribed eye drops or ointments to support the healing process and ensure the graft remains protected and nourished.
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