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Official Description

Closure postauricular fistula, mastoid (separate procedure)

© Copyright 2026 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.

Common Language Description

A postauricular mastoid cutaneous fistula is a pathological opening that can occur behind the ear, often resulting from chronic infections affecting the middle ear or the mastoid air cells. This condition may also arise as a complication following previous surgical interventions on the ear or mastoid region. The procedure coded as CPT® 69700 involves the surgical closure of this type of fistula, which is classified as a separate procedure. During the closure, the surgeon may choose to excise the entire fistula or freshen the edges of the opening to create a raw surface that promotes healing. A skin flap is then meticulously crafted beneath the fistula, with its pedicle positioned at the upper part of the flap. This flap is rotated upward and inserted into the fistula, ensuring that the skin surface faces inward. The surgeon secures the flap in place using sutures, and subsequently, the raw edges of the fistulous opening are closed over the newly placed skin flap. This technique results in an epithelial covering on both the internal and external surfaces of the fistulous tract, facilitating proper healing. Alternatively, the closure may involve the creation of periosteal flaps that serve to cover the fistula, which are then further covered with skin flaps to ensure adequate closure and healing of the affected area.

© Copyright 2026 Coding Ahead. All rights reserved.

1. Indications

The closure of a postauricular fistula is indicated in specific clinical scenarios, particularly when the fistula is symptomatic or poses a risk of complications. The following conditions may warrant this surgical intervention:

  • Chronic Infection The presence of a chronic infection in the middle ear or mastoid air cells that leads to the formation of a fistula.
  • Complications from Previous Surgery Development of a fistula as a complication of prior ear or mastoid surgical procedures.

2. Procedure

The procedure for closing a postauricular fistula involves several critical steps to ensure effective closure and healing. The following outlines the procedural steps involved:

  • Step 1: Assessment and Preparation The surgeon begins by assessing the fistula and surrounding tissue to determine the best approach for closure. The area is then prepared, and the patient is positioned appropriately for the procedure.
  • Step 2: Fistula Excision or Freshening The surgeon may choose to excise the entire fistula or freshen the edges of the opening. Freshening involves removing any unhealthy tissue around the fistula to create a raw surface that promotes healing.
  • Step 3: Creation of Skin Flap A skin flap is created beneath the fistula, with the pedicle located at the upper aspect of the flap. This flap is essential for providing a robust tissue coverage for the fistula.
  • Step 4: Flap Rotation and Insertion The skin flap is then rotated upward and inserted into the fistula, ensuring that the skin surface faces inward. This positioning is crucial for proper healing and epithelial coverage.
  • Step 5: Securing the Flap The surgeon secures the flap in place using sutures, ensuring that it remains stable and properly positioned within the fistulous tract.
  • Step 6: Closure of Fistulous Opening Finally, the raw freshened edges of the fistulous opening are closed over the raw surface of the skin flap. This step is vital for creating an epithelial covering on both the inside and outside of the fistulous tract.
  • Alternative Method: Periosteal Flaps In some cases, the surgeon may opt to create periosteal flaps to cover the fistula, which are then covered with skin flaps to ensure adequate closure and healing.

3. Post-Procedure

Post-procedure care is essential for ensuring proper healing and minimizing complications. After the closure of the postauricular fistula, the patient may be monitored for any signs of infection or complications. Pain management may be provided as needed, and the surgical site should be kept clean and dry. Follow-up appointments are typically scheduled to assess the healing process and to remove any sutures if necessary. Patients are advised to avoid strenuous activities that may strain the surgical site during the initial recovery period. Additionally, any specific instructions regarding wound care and signs of complications should be clearly communicated to the patient to ensure optimal recovery.

Short Descr CLOSE MASTOID FISTULA
Medium Descr CLOSURE POSTAURICULAR FISTULA MASTOID SPX
Long Descr Closure postauricular fistula, mastoid (separate procedure)
Status Code Active Code
Global Days 090 - Major Surgery
PC/TC Indicator (26, TC) 0 - Physician Service Code
Multiple Procedures (51) 2 - Standard payment adjustment rules for multiple procedures apply.
Bilateral Surgery (50) 1 - 150% payment adjustment for bilateral procedures applies.
Physician Supervisions 09 - Concept does not apply.
Assistant Surgeon (80, 82) 1 - Statutory payment restriction for assistants at surgery applies to this procedure...
Co-Surgeons (62) 0 - Co-surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Team Surgery (66) 0 - Team surgeons not permitted for this procedure.
Diagnostic Imaging Family 99 - Concept Does Not Apply
APC Status Indicator Hospital Part B services paid through a comprehensive APC
ASC Payment Indicator Surgical procedure on ASC list in CY 2007; payment based on OPPS relative payment weight.
Type of Service (TOS) 2 - Surgery
Berenson-Eggers TOS (BETOS) P5E - Ambulatory procedures - other
MUE 1
CCS Clinical Classification 26 - Other therapeutic ear procedures
50 Bilateral procedure: unless otherwise identified in the listings, bilateral procedures that are performed at the same session, should be identified by adding modifier 50 to the appropriate 5 digit code. note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
51 Multiple procedures: when multiple procedures, other than e/m services, physical medicine and rehabilitation services or provision of supplies (eg, vaccines), are performed at the same session by the same individual, the primary procedure or service may be reported as listed. the additional procedure(s) or service(s) may be identified by appending modifier 51 to the additional procedure or service code(s). note: this modifier should not be appended to designated "add-on" codes (see appendix d).
58 Staged or related procedure or service by the same physician or other qualified health care professional during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that the performance of a procedure or service during the postoperative period was: (a) planned or anticipated (staged); (b) more extensive than the original procedure; or (c) for therapy following a surgical procedure. this circumstance may be reported by adding modifier 58 to the staged or related procedure. note: for treatment of a problem that requires a return to the operating/procedure room (eg, unanticipated clinical condition), see modifier 78.
59 Distinct procedural service: under certain circumstances, it may be necessary to indicate that a procedure or service was distinct or independent from other non-e/m services performed on the same day. modifier 59 is used to identify procedures/services, other than e/m services, that are not normally reported together, but are appropriate under the circumstances. documentation must support a different session, different procedure or surgery, different site or organ system, separate incision/excision, separate lesion, or separate injury (or area of injury in extensive injuries) not ordinarily encountered or performed on the same day by the same individual. however, when another already established modifier is appropriate it should be used rather than modifier 59. only if no more descriptive modifier is available, and the use of modifier 59 best explains the circumstances, should modifier 59 be used. note: modifier 59 should not be appended to an e/m service. to report a separate and distinct e/m service with a non-e/m service performed on the same date, see modifier 25.
78 Unplanned return to the operating/procedure room by the same physician or other qualified health care professional following initial procedure for a related procedure during the postoperative period: it may be necessary to indicate that another procedure was performed during the postoperative period of the initial procedure (unplanned procedure following initial procedure). when this procedure is related to the first, and requires the use of an operating/procedure room, it may be reported by adding modifier 78 to the related procedure. (for repeat procedures, see modifier 76.)
GC This service has been performed in part by a resident under the direction of a teaching physician
LT Left side (used to identify procedures performed on the left side of the body)
RT Right side (used to identify procedures performed on the right side of the body)
XU Unusual non-overlapping service, the use of a service that is distinct because it does not overlap usual components of the main service
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